If a child has difficulty understanding instructions, mixes up words with similar pronunciations, or appears disoriented in noisy surroundings, parents might presume that a hearing problem is to blame. But in some situations, the issue might not be with the ears at all: It could be a condition called auditory processing disorder (APD).
Even though hearing loss and Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) frequently present with similar signs, they are distinct conditions that necessitate unique analyses and treatments. Below, we’ll break down the key differences to help you support your child’s distinct needs.
Comprehending Hearing Impairment: A Definition.
Impaired auditory function, also called hearing loss, happens when a person’s ability to perceive sound is decreased, often caused by issues impacting the outer, middle, or inner ear.
Three key classifications:
- Conductive hearing loss: Caused by obstructions or damage in the outer or middle ear (including ear infections or wax accumulation)
- Sensorineural hearing loss: Happens when there is damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve, which is commonly triggered by variables including aging, exposure to loud noise, or genetic predisposition
- Combination hearing loss: A blend of both outer/middle ear and inner ear issues
Doctors usually diagnose patients by carrying out examinations such as audiograms, auditory brainstem response testing (ABR), and acoustic emission testing. If a child has hearing loss, the issue lies in their ability to detect sound in the first place.
What Is Auditory Processing Disorder?
APD, on the other hand, is not a hearing issue; it’s a brain-based issue with deciphering sounds. Kids with APD can hear perfectly fine, but they have trouble making sense of what they hear.
It’s often described as “hearing but not understanding.”
Common obstacles faced in everyday scenarios:
- Trouble understanding and executing verbal directions involving multiple steps
- Trouble distinguishing similar sounds or words
- Having difficulty focusing in loud settings (such as schools or busy eateries)
- Misunderstanding jokes, sarcasm, or figurative language
A basic hearing exam might reveal no issues because the ears are functioning normally. In Auditory Processing Disorder, the issue happens not with hearing the sound itself, but rather with how the brain interprets and processes the sound after it has been sensed.
How Testing and Diagnosis Vary
To diagnose hearing loss, audiologists use conventional hearing tests that assess sound detection. Identifying Auditory Processing Disorder involves more extensive evaluations that go beyond standard hearing evaluations.
Evaluations often involve a multidisciplinary team, including:
- A hearing specialist to assess how the brain interprets sound
- A speech-language pathologist to assess language comprehension and communication
- A psychologist should be consulted to identify any hidden attention or learning conditions that may imitate the symptoms of Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
Treatment and Support Options
If your child is diagnosed with hearing loss, treatment might include:
- Hearing aids
- Cochlear implants
- Assistive listening devices
- Medical or surgical interventions
Or, if your child is diagnosed with APD, support typically involves:
- Speech-language therapy
- Classroom accommodations (e.g., seating changes, written directions)
- Environmental modifications to reduce background noise
- Auditory processing therapy
APD vs. Hearing Loss: Final Thoughts
Understanding the distinction between hearing loss and auditory processing disorder is essential for getting your child the best support. If your child seems to have a hard time listening but their hearing test is normal, don’t stop there. The real issue may only be pinpointed by more in-depth evaluations. Children with the appropriate diagnosis and customized treatment approach can succeed academically, in their home environment, and in various other aspects of their lives.
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Sources:.
About Hearing Loss in Children|Hearing Loss in Children|CDC.
Auditory processing disorder (APD)– Symptoms and causes– Mayo Clinic.
Auditory Processing Disorder vs. Hearing Loss: Key Differences.
Understanding the Differences: Auditory Processing Disorder vs. Hearing Loss|Hearing.
Associates of Las Vegas.
Auditory Processing Disorder (for Parents)|Nemours KidsHealth.
